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Cleaner Technology Program for Korangi Tanneries |
|
Environmental pollution caused by tanneries is well
known environmental problem in Pakistan. Pakistan
Tanners Association (SZ) Environmental Society
realized the importance of the issue, and initiated a
comprehensive Environmental Management Program (EMP)
in 1994. The program is comprised of two major
components i.e. implementation of Combined Effluent
Treatment Plant (CETP) in Phase-I, and implementation
of Cleaner Technologies (CT) in Phase-II.
Implementation of CETP will be completed buy the end
of year 2003. |
|
 |
Subsequently, PTA decided to
start the implementation of Cleaner Technology component under the title of
“Cleaner Technology Program for Korangi Tanneries (CTP-KT)”. The aim of this
program is to enable Korangi Tanneries to implement cleaner technologies and
adopt better working practices for better environmental performance.
The approach of the program is to implement proposed environmental solutions in
a logical sequence under a cost effective framework with direct and indirect
financial paybacks.
The main objective of CTP-KT is to enable the Korangi tanneries, for the
compliance of National Environmental Quality Standards (NEQS) and EMS
Certification. The main components of CTP-KT are:
- Awareness Campaigns
- Cleaner Technology Implementation
- Solid Waste Management Program
- EMS Implementation
- Training on Tannery Wastewater Treatment
Introduction of Workshop
Under the project component “awareness campaigns” various activities are
executed which include production of posters, leaflets, banners, documentary
video films with the aim to create awareness on environmental issues. Beside
this, training workshops/seminars are also organized in this regard
In the continuation of these efforts a two days training workshop on the subject
of “Analysis of Pollution Parameters in Tannery Effluent” was organized on
November 22& 23, 2006 at National Institute of Leather Technology (NILT). This
training workshop is foreseen beneficial for the participants to fulfill the
Self Monitoring and Reporting Requirements. Detail and objective of this
workshop is presented in following section.
Objective
The
main objective of this workshop was to enhance the
technical capabilities of tannery staff in testing
procedures of pollutant parameters with in the tannery
laboratory. Four parameters were the focus of this
workshop i.e.:
1. Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD)
2. Total Suspended Solid (TSS)
3. Total Dissolved Solids (TDS)
4. Chromium (Cr)
To achieve the objective of this workshop
presentations were given on the following subjects:
1. Sources of Pollution From Leather Production
2. Pollution Parameters Analysis.
Resource Person
To provide the understanding of subject workshop
following experts delivered their presentations.
|
S#
|
Subjects |
Resource person |
|
I |
Reuse of
Chrome |
Mr. Ayaz
Ahsan , Leather Technologist , CTP-KT |
|
2 |
Use of
Dusted Salt |
Mr.Furqan
Hameed , Leather Technologist , CTP-KT |
|
3 |
Practical
Demonstration |
Mr. Adnan
Ahmad, Labaoraty, Incharge |
Mode of Demonstration
1. Power Point Presentation
2. Practical Demonstration
3. Question Answer Session and Discussion
Participation-Day-I November 22, 2006
On day one total 44 participants attended the
workshop. Out of total 44, there were 10 tanners, 03
sales and marketing professionals, 08 leather
technologists, 04 laboratory staff, 02 teachers and 17
trainee tanners. A break up of participant’s
categories is presented in Table-1. Percentage of
participants is depicted in Figure-1.
Table-1: Detail
of Participants
|
S# |
Category |
Total |
|
1 |
Tanners |
10 |
|
2 |
Sales and Marketing |
3 |
|
3 |
Leather Technologist |
8 |
|
4 |
Laboratory Staff |
4 |
|
5 |
Teachers |
2 |
|
6 |
Trainee Tanners
|
17 |
|
|
Total
|
44 |
Description, Day-1
A workshop titled “Analysis of Pollution Parameters in
Tannery Effluent” was organized on November 22& 23,
2006 at National Institute of Leather Technology (NILT).This
workshop was organized for the production and
laboratory staff of tanneries. This workshop was also
organized for trainee tanners, who are studying in
NILT. The workshop was executed as per the program
schedule.
-
Before the formal inauguration of workshop,
participants were registered at the reception desk and
presented a kit having presentation of workshop,
writing papers, pen and program schedule.
-
The workshop was started with the recitation of
Holy Quarn by Mr. Nasr Ul Islam Usmani.
-
After the recitation of Holy Quran a formal
introduction of workshop was briefed to the
participants by Mr. Mr. Ayaz Ahsan. Mr. Ayaz briefed
about the objective of workshop to the participants.
He stated that the span of workshop is spreader over
two days. Day one would be consisted of two sessions.
Two presentation would be given in session one and
practical demonstration would be given in session-2.
Same format would be followed on day-2.
-
After the introduction, first presentation of the
workshop was delivered by Mr. Ayaz Ahsan on the
subject of “Pollution Load and its Sources in
Tannery”. Mr. Ayaz delivered the first part of his
presentation on day-1, in which He explained about the
impacts of two pollution parameters i.e. COD and TSS.
In this presentation Mr. Ayaz explained about the
sources, load and impacts of COD&TSS. Mr. Ayaz
explained the following issues :
Sources of pollution from leather production
Pollution parameters
Pollution produced by raw to finished leather
Pollution per ton of wet-salted raw hide by
conventional processing
Distribution of effluent pollution in kg/t rawhides
(salted weight)
Typical range of tannery effluent
Source of pollution
-
After this presentation Mr. Furqan Hameed , started
the first part of his presentation which was on the
subject of “ Environmental Parameters and Their
Analysis”
-
Mr. Furqan discusses about the techniques used to
analyze the pollution parameters. He also explained
about the types and cost of apparatus used for
pollutant parameters analysis.
-
After the completion of this presentation few
important questions were raised from the participants.
These questions were addressed by Mr. Ayaz Ahsan and
Furqan Hameed. The participants were observed
satisfied after getting the explanation of their
ambiguities.
-
After the QA session, testing procedures of
pollutant parameters were demonstrated to the
participants of workshop. Practical demonstration of
testing procedures for TSS and COD was given by Mr.
Adnan Ahmad.
-
After the practical demonstration Mr. Adnan trained
the participants of workshop to perform the
demonstrated testing procedures.
-
Besides training the participants, Mr. Adnan
explained regarding the precautionary and safety
measures relevant to testing activity to the
participants. Participants of workshop shown their
interest in practical training and made discussions
with their peers and facilitator as well. Few
questions were asked by some participants which are
presented in annexure-D.
-
After the demonstration and training, closing
session took place where Mr. Furqan Hameed thanked to
all the participants for being progressive and
actively participate in training. Mr. Furqan requested
to the participants to give their feedback on day-I
training session on the standard feedback form of CTP-KT.
He told about the feedback form to the participants
that feedback form is available in the kit which was
presented to the participants at the time of
registration.
-
Feedback was received from the 39 (89%)
participants an analyses of feedback is presented .
ad
Figure-2.
Description Day-2
-
On the 2nd day of workshop participants get
registered on reception desk. The workshop started as
per the schedule. 2nd day total 36 participants
attended this workshop. Out of 36, 10 tanners, 14
trainee tanners, 05 laboratory staff, 01 sales and
marketing professional and 06 leather technicians
participated in the workshop. Breakup of attendance is
presented in Table-2.
Table-2: categories of Participants
|
S# |
Categories |
Attendance |
|
1 |
Tanners
|
10 |
|
2 |
Trainees
|
14 |
|
3 |
Laboratory staff |
5 |
|
4 |
Sales
and marketing |
1 |
|
5 |
Leather
Technicians |
6 |
|
Total
|
36 |
%
of participation is depicted in Figure-3
-
On day-2 workshop was started with the recitation
of Holy Quran by Mr. Nasr Ul Islam Usmani.
-
After the recitation of Holy Quran, Mr. Ayaz Ahsan
presented the summary of his presentation’s part one
which was on the subject of “Pollution Load and its
Sources in Tannery” (COD&TSS).
- After presenting the summary of day-1 Mr. Ayaz
formally started the 2nd part of his presentation
which was regarding the sources, load and impacts of
TDS and Chromium.
- During the presentation Mr. Ayaz briefed about the
sources of TDS. He stated that Soaking, Liming,
Deliming, Degreasing, Bating, Pickling, Tanning,
Retaining, Dyeing and Fat Liquoring processes are the
major sources of TDS. Mr. Ayaz also explained the
impacts of TDS. He said that High TDS in effluent may
cause of :
Material Degradation
Increase Salinity of Soil
High TDS Threat To Aquatic Life
- Mr. Ayaz also explained about sources and impacts
of chromium. In his presentation he stated that
Chromium is mainly use as tanning agent. There are two
forms of chrome associated with the tanning industry
Chrome3+ (trivalent chrome, chrome III)
Chrome6- (hexavalent chrome, chrome VI)
- He further explained regarding the sources of
chromium in effluent i.e. Tanning and Re-chroming. He
stated that chromium is highly toxic chemical which
may cause of Cancer and affect the aquatic life as
well. He said by following the given recommendations
below, these affects can be manage easily.
Process Improvement
Chrome Recovery and Recycling
Installation of Waste Water Treatment Plant
- After this presentation Mr. Furqan Hameed continued
the 2nd part of his presentation.
- Before starting the presentation Mr. Furqan
presented the summary of part-1 presentation which was
regarding analysis of COD and TSS in effluent.
- After presenting the summary Mr. Furqan Hameed
continued his 2nd presentation. This presentation was
regarding the analysis of TDS and Chromium in
effluent. Mr. Furqan discusses about the techniques
used to analyze the pollution parameters. He also
explained about the types and cost of apparatus used
to test the pollutant parameters.
- After the completion of this presentation few
important questions were raised from the participants.
These questions were addressed by Mr. Ayaz Ahsan and
Furqan Hameed. Questions having their answers are
presented in annexure-D. QA of both days are presented
in this annexure.
- After the QA session testing procedures for
analyzing the both pollutant parameters i.e. TDS
and Chromium, were demonstrated to the
participants of workshop. Practical demonstration
was given by Mr. Adnan Ahmad.
After the practical demonstration Mr. Adnan
trained the participants of workshop to perform the
demonstrated testing procedures.
Besides training the participants, Mr. Adnan
explained to the participants regarding the
precautionary and safety measures relevant to testing
activities. Participants of workshop shown their
interest in practical training and made discussions
with their peers and facilitator as well. Few
questions were asked by some participants which are
presented in annexure-D.
The presentation and demonstration were over after
this session and participants were requested to gather
again is training room. After gathering in training
room, concluding remarks were given by Mr. Ayaz Ahsan.
In the concluding session, Mr. Ayaz appreciated the
participants for being progressive and interested in
training workshops which are organized by CTP-KT.
After the concluding remarks, certificates of
completion were given to the participants.
In the end participants were requested to provide
their feedback on last day of training session. Total
36 participants attended this workshop. Out of total
36 feedbacks was received from 23 (63%) participants.
Detail of feedback is presented in Table-3.
Table-3:
Analysis of Feedback (Day-2)
|
S# |
Question |
Frequency |
% |
|
QI |
Venue of
the workshop was suitable |
|
|
|
1 |
Yes |
23 |
100 |
|
2 |
No |
0 |
0 |
|
|
Total
|
23 |
100 |
|
Q2 |
Over all
arrangements of this workshop were |
|
|
|
1 |
Comfortable |
23 |
100 |
|
2 |
Uncomfortable |
0 |
0 |
|
|
Total
|
23 |
100 |
|
Q3 |
Duration
of this workshop was |
|
|
|
1 |
Enough |
23 |
100 |
|
2 |
Short |
0 |
0 |
|
|
Total
|
23 |
100 |
|
Q4 |
Presentation given in this workshop was |
|
|
|
1 |
Relevant
|
23 |
100 |
|
2 |
Irrelevant |
0 |
0 |
|
|
Total
|
23 |
100 |
|
Q5 |
Language
used in this workshop was |
|
|
|
1 |
Easily
understandable |
23 |
100 |
|
2 |
Incomprehensible |
0 |
0 |
|
|
Total
|
23 |
100 |
|
Q6 |
The most
interesting session of this workshop was
|
|
|
|
1 |
Presentation |
14 |
61 |
|
2 |
Demonstration |
7 |
30 |
|
3 |
QA Session
|
2 |
9 |
|
|
Total
|
23 |
100 |
|
Q7 |
I got
clear understanding of test and analysis |
|
|
|
1 |
yes |
23 |
100 |
|
2 |
| | | |
